‘Understanding Human Oxygen Sensing: Adventures of a Physician in Science’ is a talk given by Nobel laureate Sir Peter Ratcliffe, Director of Clinical Research at the Francis Crick Institute, London as part of the Royal Irish Academy Discourse Series collection.
The talk takes place on Tue, 29th November 2022 from 18:00 – 19:30 at Royal Irish Academy 19 Dawson St D2 Dublin.
The maintenance of oxygen homeostasis is a fundamental physiological challenge entraining multiple adaptive responses to hypoxia, operating at different ranges and over diverse time-scales. In human and animal cells, investigation of these processes led to the recognition of a set of 2-oxoglutarate dependent dioxygenases that signal oxygen levels to the transcription factor HIF. In this pathway the post-translational hydroxylation of specific prolyl residues in HIF promotes its oxygen-dependent proteolysis by the von Hippel-Lindau ubiquitin – proteasome pathway.
Remarkably, all four eukaryotic kingdoms use oxygen-dependent protein oxidations coupled to proteostasis, to signal oxygen levels in their cells. The lecture will review advances in the understanding of these systems, including their physiology in human cells and progress in therapeutic modulation.
Understanding Human Oxygen Sensing: Adventures of a Physician in Science
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Peter J. Ratcliffe, M.D. is a physician scientist who trained as a nephrologist, before founding the hypoxia biology laboratory at Oxford. His laboratory elucidated mechanisms by which human and animal cells sense oxygen levels and transduce these signals to direct adaptive changes in gene expression. For this work he shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2019.
He holds appointments as Director of Clinical Research at the Francis Crick Institute, London, Director of the Target Discovery Institute at the University of Oxford and is a Distinguished Scholar of the Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research.
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